normal curve can approximate a binomial distribution with n = 10 and p = q = 1/2. Method: A sample size „n‟ is drawn from a population „N‟ in such a way that every possible element in the population has the same chance of being selected. In fact, research is an art of scientific investigation. Simple Random Sampling (SRS) The basic sampling method which most others are based on. SAMPLING METHODS Chapter 4 A sample is a subgroup of elements from a population • Can be any size • EXAMPLE: A single person or 50 people • The larger the sample, the more likely the sample will share the same characteristics as the population • EXAMPLE: Flipping a coin • … •Procedures for selecting the sample should be outlined, including justification for the sampling method, also known as Sampling … Probability sampling methods. There are already some helpful overviews of sampling in textbooks on research methodology (see, e.g., Gray et al, 2007; Bryman, 2008), which discuss ideas covered in this paper in more detail. Binomial distribution for p = 0.5 and n = 10. •Demographic information such as age, gender, and ethnicity of your sample. A study of this sort can involve anything from a short This assumption of interconnectedness is similar to the interrelationship of the types of research question and research design, respectively, which is an essential feature Probability sampling means that every member of the population has a chance of being selected. Binomial distribution for p = 0.08 and n = 100. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, United Kingdom Licensed under Creative Common Page 3 SAMPLING Sampling is an old concept, mentioned several times in the Bible. Figure 4-5. If you want to produce results that are representative of the whole population, you need to use a probability sampling technique. Research Methodology: An Introduction 1 1 Research Methodology: An Introduction MEANING OF RESEARCH Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. •Sampling and recruiting participants are basic steps in almost every research enterprise and are fundamental to determining the quality of the resulting research •Need to be sure that we have studied the group targeted by our research •Well-established research sampling and recruitment methods developed and used successfully with middle- There are four main types of probability sample. Take a number of samples to create a sampling distribution It is mainly used in quantitative research. The explanations below are meant to help you understand the reasons for using each method. this section, we briefly describe three of the most common sampling methods used in qualitative research: purposive sampling, quota sampling, and snowball sampling. research methodology to generate knowledge, but rather how the type of research methodology informs the knowledge of practice we create through research. Figure 4-5 illustrates a case where the normal distribution closely approximates the binomial when p is small but the sample size is large. 182 DOING RESEARCH Learning how to design and use structured interviews, questionnaires and observation instruments is an important skill for research-ers. ... CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the research methodology, population and sample of the study, instrument of the study, data gathering procedure, data processing and statistical treatment. 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